The increasing importance of green energy has made electric vehicles a key solution for sustainable transportation. Lithium-ion batteries are widely used in EVs due to their high energy and current density. However, these batteries must operate within a safe range, known as the Safety Operation Area (SOA), to avoid risks such as overheating or damage. To ensure safe and efficient operation, a Battery Management System (BMS) integrated with IoT technology is essential for monitoring and protecting battery performance. This work focuses on the design and implementation of an IoT-based BMS using the Raspberry Pi Pico W, the main controller. The system integrates various components such as voltage, current, and temperature sensors, relays, a Buzzer, cooling fan, LCD module, and a 12V 1ah battery pack with charging setup. It continuously monitors battery parameters like voltage, temperature, State of Charge (SoC), and State of Health (SoH). When temperature exceeds a set limit, the system activates a buzzer and cooling fan for safety. The collected data is sent to the ThingSpeak cloud for real-time monitoring, and users can select fast or slow charging modes using switches. The system also improves battery performance by accurately measuring and controlling charging processes through relays. Monitoring key indicators like SoC helps optimize battery usage and extend lifespan. Simulation and experimental results validate the proposed battery model and hardware design. Overall, this IoT-enabled BMS enhances safety, efficiency, and reliability, with potential for further improvements in future battery models and system design.        

Objectives:  

• To design and develop an IoT-based Battery Management System (BMS) for electric vehicle batteries.
• To monitor battery voltage, current, temperature, State of Charge (SoC), and State of Health (SoH) in real time.
• To provide online battery monitoring using the ThingSpeak IoT platform.
• To improve battery safety by activating a cooling fan and buzzer during overheating conditions.
• To support both fast and slow charging modes for efficient battery charging.
• To protect the battery from overcharging, overheating, and abnormal operating conditions.
• To enhance battery performance, efficiency, reliability, and lifespan through continuous monitoring and control.

          The major building blocks of this project are:

• Regulate power supply
• Raspberry Pi Pico W.
• DS18B20 Temperature sensor.
• Voltage sensor.
• Current sensor
• Buzzer.
• 12V 1ah battery pack.
• Two Relays.
• Charging Circuit.
• LCD display.
• Cooling fan.
• DC motor (Load)
• Two Buttons.

      Software’s used:

• Embedded C Language.
• Express SCH for Circuit design.
• Thingspeak cloud.

         

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