The growing demand for green energy has increased the importance of Electric Vehicles (EVs), which mainly use Lithium-Ion batteries due to their high energy density. Since these batteries must operate within safe limits, a Battery Management System (BMS) is essential. This system uses a NodeMCU ESP8266 microcontroller to monitor battery voltage and temperature through connected sensors. When the battery charge level drops, the controller activates a relay to start the charging process automatically. It also calculates important battery parameters such as State of Charge (SOC) and State of Health (SOH). The measured voltage, SOC, SOH, and temperature values are displayed on an LCD for real-time monitoring. If the temperature exceeds the safety limit, a buzzer is activated to alert the user. For remote monitoring, the NodeMCU sends battery data to the ThingSpeak IoT cloud platform using its built-in Wi-Fi. This enables users to track battery performance and system status from anywhere through a mobile phone or computer. The entire system is programmed using Embedded C in the Arduino IDE, which manages sensor readings, charging control, display updates, safety alerts, and IoT communication.      

Objectives:

  To design a battery monitoring system using the NodeMCU ESP8266 microcontroller.

  To measure battery voltage continuously for monitoring battery condition.

  To monitor battery temperature using a temperature sensor to ensure safe operation.

  To calculate battery parameters such as State of Charge (SOC) and State of Health (SOH).

  To automatically control battery charging using a relay module when the battery voltage becomes low.

  To display battery voltage, temperature, SOC, and SOH values on the LCD display for real-time monitoring.

  To provide a safety alert using a buzzer when the temperature exceeds the safe limit.

  To upload battery monitoring data such as voltage, temperature, SOC, and SOH to the cloud using the ThingSpeak IoT platform for remote monitoring.

  To improve battery safety, efficiency, and monitoring using IoT technology.        

The major building blocks of this project are:

• Regulated power supply
• NodeMCU Microcontroller.
• Temperature sensor.
• Voltage sensor.
• Buzzer.
• 12V Battery pack
• Relay.
• Charging Circuit.
• LCD display.

        Software’s used:

• Embedded C programming.
• Arduino IDE programmer for dumping code into Micro controller.
• Express SCH for Circuit design.
• IOT technology.

       

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