The proposed system is a waste-to-energy generation model that utilizes an incinerator and thermoelectric (Peltier) modules, controlled by a PIC microcontroller. In this system, solid waste is burned inside an incinerator, producing high-temperature heat energy. Six Peltier plates are mounted on the incinerator surface to create a temperature difference between the hot side (incinerator) and the cooled side, thereby generating electrical energy based on the Seebeck effect. The generated voltage is continuously monitored using a voltage sensor and regulated through a charging circuit to safely charge a battery. The stored energy is supplied to loads such as a bulb through an inverter and to six exhaust fans that are connected to the incinerator to maintain proper airflow and remove flue gases. A heater, controlled through a solid-state relay (SSR), is connected to the incinerator to support and stabilize the combustion process when required. Additionally, a vibration motor is attached to the incinerator to remove accumulated dust and ash particles, ensuring efficient heat transfer to the Peltier plates and improving overall system performance. A regulated power supply (230V AC input) provides power to the control circuitry and supporting components. The PIC microcontroller acts as the central control unit, managing heater operation, monitoring voltage levels, controlling system components, and displaying key parameters on an LCD display. This system demonstrates an effective method of converting waste heat from incineration into usable electrical energy while reducing waste volume and supporting small-scale power generation applications.    

Objectives:

 To develop an efficient system for converting campus solid waste into electrical energy using advanced waste-to-energy techniques.

 To utilize heat generated from solid waste incineration for power generation using thermoelectric (Peltier) plates.

 To design a regulated charging and energy storage system for safe battery charging and utilization.

 To monitor and control system parameters using a PIC microcontroller.

 To display real-time voltage and system status on an LCD for easy monitoring.

 To convert stored DC power into usable AC power using an inverter for campus applications.

 To reduce campus solid waste volume and environmental pollution through sustainable waste management.

 To promote renewable and eco-friendly energy generation within educational institutions.      

The major building blocks of this project are:

1. Incineration (Heat source)
2. Peltier plate.
3. Charging circuit.
4. Rechargeable Battery.
5. Inverter.
6. Bulb.
7. PIC microcontroller.
8. Voltage sensor.
9. LCD display.
10. Solis state relay.
11. Heater.
12. Vibration motor.
13. Exhaust fan.

    Software’s used:

• PIC-C compiler for Embedded C programming.
• PIC kit 2 programmer for dumping code into Micro controller.
• Express SCH for Circuit design.

  Block diagram:        

video: