The Black Box and Crash Detection System using Arduino integrates multiple sensors and communication technologies to monitor, record, and detect accidents in vehicles. The system is designed to capture real-time data and provide immediate alerts in case of a crash. It uses an ADXL345 accelerometer to measure sudden changes in acceleration, which helps in detecting crashes or collisions based on predefined threshold values. The GSM module is used to send an SMS alert to pre-defined contacts when a crash is detected, providing information like location and time. The GPS module is used to track the vehicle's location and provide precise latitude and longitude coordinates, which are logged in case of a crash. The MMC (MultiMedia Card) or SD card stores critical data, including acceleration readings, GPS coordinates, time stamps, and sensor data, allowing for post-event analysis. An LCD display provides real-time information to the user, such as system status and location, while a vibration sensor adds an additional layer of crash detection by sensing the mechanical vibrations that occur during a crash. Additionally, the system includes a fire detection sensor, which monitors the vehicle for any signs of fire or smoke after a crash, triggering an alert if necessary. This multi-sensor system not only helps in detecting accidents but also ensures that crucial data is available for further investigation, improving vehicle safety and enabling efficient post-accident analysis.    

Features:  

Crash Detection:

• Uses an ADXL345 accelerometer to detect sudden changes in acceleration, indicating a crash or collision.

  Location Tracking:

• The GPS module tracks the vehicle's location in real-time, providing accurate coordinates in case of a crash.

  SMS Alerts:

• The GSM module sends an SMS alert to family or emergency contacts with crash details like location and time.

  Data Logging:

• Stores important data such as acceleration, GPS location, and time on an SD card for later analysis.

  Fire Detection:

• A fire sensor detects smoke or fire after a crash and sends an alert if danger is present.

  Vibration Sensing:

• A vibration sensor detects any abnormal vibrations, adding an extra layer of crash detection.

  Real-Time Monitoring:

• An LCD display shows important information like vehicle speed, location, and crash status in real-time.

  Low Power Usage:                

• The system is designed to use minimal power, allowing it to run for long periods without draining the vehicle’s battery.

  Compact Design:

• The system is small and easy to install in any vehicle, with minimal disruption to existing vehicle setups.

  Affordable and Easy to Use:

• The system is built with Arduino, making it cost-effective, easy to customize, and simple to maintain.

      The Major Building blocks of this project are:  

1. Regulated Power Supply.
2. Arduino Microcontroller.
3. GPS Receiver.
4. GSM Modem.
5. LCD with driver.
6. LED Indicators.
7. ADXL 345 sensor.
8. MMC Card.
9. Vibration sensor.
10. Fire sensor.

      Software’s used:

1. Arduino IDE compiler for Embedded C programming.
2. Express SCH for Circuit design.

      Block Diagram:    

video: