The Duck Egg Hatching Process Monitoring and Control System is an ESP32-based automatic incubator designed to maintain optimal temperature and humidity conditions required for successful duck egg hatching. The system uses a DHT11 sensor to continuously monitor temperature and humidity inside the incubator. Two potentiometers (POTs) are used to set the desired temperature and humidity limits according to the incubation requirements. The ESP32 continuously compares the sensed values with the user-defined set limits and controls the connected devices automatically. When the temperature rises above the set value, the ESP32 activates a transistor driver board to turn ON the fan, thereby reducing the temperature inside the incubator. When the temperature falls below the set value, the ESP32 energizes a relay module to switch ON the heating bulb, maintaining the required warmth for egg development. Similarly, based on the humidity level, the ESP32 controls the mist maker through another relay module to maintain the desired moisture level inside the chamber. If the temperature and humidity values reach the preset limits, the ESP32 turns OFF the bulb, fan, and mist maker to maintain stable environmental conditions and reduce power consumption. An I2C-based LCD display provides real-time information such as temperature, humidity, set values, and the operating status of the relay-controlled bulb, relay-controlled mist maker, and transistor-driven fan. This automated system minimizes manual intervention, improves hatching efficiency, and provides a reliable environment for duck egg incubation through continuous monitoring and intelligent control.    

Objectives:

  To monitor temperature and humidity levels inside the egg incubator using a DHT11 sensor.

  To allow users to set desired temperature and humidity values using potentiometers.

  To automatically control the heating bulb for maintaining the required temperature during the hatching process.

  To automatically control the fan and mist maker to regulate temperature and humidity conditions inside the incubator.

  To display real-time sensor readings and system status on an LCD for continuous monitoring and improved hatching efficiency.      

The major building blocks of this project are:  

• Regulated power supply
• ESP32 Microcontroller.
• POT(POTENTIOMETERS)
• DHT111(Temperature & Humidity) sensor.
• Relays.
• LCD display.
• I2C module.
• Cooling fan.
• Heating Bulb.
• Mist maker.

    Software’s used:

• Embedded C programming.
• Arduino UNO for dumping code into Micro controller.
• Express SCH for Circuit design.

       

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