This project presents the design and development of an Intelligent Helmet for Coal Miners based on IoT technology. The system is developed to enhance the safety of miners by continuously monitoring environmental conditions such as temperature, humidity, and the presence of harmful gases in underground mining areas. The helmet is equipped with sensors including a gas sensor, temperature sensor, and humidity sensor, which are interfaced with a microcontroller. These sensors continuously collect real-time data from the surroundings. If any parameter exceeds the predefined safety limits, the system immediately generates alerts through a buzzer and displays warning messages on an LCD. The collected data is transmitted to a remote-control station using a Wi-Fi module, enabling real-time monitoring through a JUICESSH mobile APP. This allows supervisors to track environmental conditions and take preventive measures promptly. Wi-Fi technology is used for wireless communication, operating in the 2.4 GHz frequency band with a typical range of 40 to 300 feet. It enables efficient and reliable data transmission between the helmet and the monitoring system. Overall, the proposed system provides a cost-effective and efficient solution for real-time monitoring and early warning in coal mines, thereby reducing potential safety hazards and improving working conditions for miners.    

The features of the project are:

• Real-Time Monitoring Continuously monitors temperature, humidity, and gas levels inside the mine.
• Gas Leakage Detection Detects harmful gases (like LPG, methane) using gas sensors.
• Temperature & Humidity Sensing Tracks environmental conditions to ensure safe working atmosphere.
• IoT-Based Data Transmission Sends real-time sensor data to a Mobile APP using Wi-Fi module.
• Wireless Communication (Wi-Fi) Enables remote monitoring without physical connections.
• Early Warning System Provides immediate alerts when values exceed safe limits.
• Audio Alert (Buzzer) Generates sound alert during dangerous conditions.
• Visual Alert (LCD Display) Displays real-time sensor values and warning messages.
• Cost-Effective Design Uses low-cost components like microcontroller and sensors.
• Compact & Wearable System Designed to be mounted on a helmet for easy use by miners.
• Improved Safety Helps prevent accidents by early detection of hazardous conditions.

    The main blocks of this project are:

1. Regulated power supply.
2. PIC Microcontroller.
3. Gas sensor.
4. DHT11(Temperature & Humidity )sensor.
5. Wi-Fi module.
6. Buzzer with driver.
7. LCD with driver.
8. Crystal
9. LED indicators.
10. Reset Button.

  Software’s used:

1. PIC-C compiler for Embedded C programming.
2. PIC kit 2 programmer for dumping code into Micro controller.
3. Express SCH for Circuit design.

   

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