The battery is the core component of any electric vehicle (EV), requiring an optimized design to meet the power demands of the motor and charging system. Traditional EV battery charging systems lack proper protection, leading to overcharging, which significantly reduces battery lifespan. To address this issue, a bidirectional electric vehicle charger with a smart energy management system (EMS) is proposed. This project focuses on designing a Bidirectional Power Converter for EV battery charging and management. The system enables both Grid-to-Vehicle (G2V) and Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) power transfer using a simple power electronics topology. A PIC microcontroller governs the system, adjusting the output of the charger based on control signals. The microcontroller monitors key battery parameters, including State of Charge (SOC), State of Health (SOH), voltage, and temperature, displaying real-time data on an LCD module. To ensure battery safety and efficiency, the system integrates voltage sensors, a temperature sensor, and an automated cooling mechanism. If the battery voltage drops below 23V, the microcontroller activates a generator to recharge the battery. In case of overheating, a cooling fan is automatically triggered to regulate temperature. The embedded C-programmed microcontroller ensures seamless automation of these functions, enhancing battery life and energy efficiency. This bidirectional charger not only improves battery protection and performance but also facilitates energy exchange between the EV and the grid, promoting sustainable energy utilization.  

The major building blocks of this project are:

• Regulated power supply
• PIC Microcontroller.
• PMDC generator.
• Voltage sensors.
• Chargeable Battery.
• Relay.
• DC –DC BUCK/BOOST converter.
• AC-DC converter (rectifier).
• LCD display.
• Temperature sensor.
• Cooling fan.
• LED Indicators.
• Crystal oscillator
• Reset button.

  Software’s used:

• PIC-C compiler for Embedded C programming.
• PIC kit 2 programmer for dumping code into Micro controller.
• Express SCH for Circuit design.

   

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