The aim of the project "Regenerative Braking System with EV BMS (Battery Management System) with Charge Monitoring and Fire Protection" is to develop and integrate a system that enhances the overall performance, safety, and efficiency of electric vehicles (EVs).   The use of green energy is becoming increasingly more important in today’s world. Therefore, electric vehicles are currently the best choice for the environment in terms of public and personal transportation. Because of its high energy and current density, lithium-ion batteries are widely used in electric vehicles. Unfortunately, lithium-ion batteries can be dangerous if they are not operated within their Safety Operation Area (SOA). Therefore, a battery management system (BMS) must be used in every lithium-ion battery, especially for those used in electric vehicles. A battery management system (BMS) is proposed which is used for electronic vehicle that manages a rechargeable battery (cell or battery pack), such as by protecting the battery from operating outside its safe operating area, monitoring its SOC and SOH using Arduino UNO microcontroller. When the driver applies the brakes, the vehicle's kinetic energy is converted into friction between the brake pads and rotors. The electric motor in the vehicle switches to generator mode. The wheels transfer the kinetic energy to the generator. The generator converts some of the kinetic energy into electricity. The electricity is stored in the vehicle's battery. The controlling device of the whole system is ARDUINO UNO microcontroller. The integrated modules to the controller are temperature sensor, current sensor, Battery pack along with relays, buttons, Charger and LCD Module. When the battery pack gets drained, it will charge through relays. Here we are using two relays for fast and slow charging. Here DC MOTOR works as a vehicle. While running the vehicle microcontroller will display the Battery voltage, current, Temperature, SOC and SOH values on LCD module continuously. If the temperature value crosses the set limit, then microcontroller active the buzzer for alerts and turn ON the cooling fan to prevent the thermal damage. Based on the battery voltage it will charge the battery in two modes like fast and slow. Here relay works as a switch to on/off the charging connection. To achieve this task microcontroller loaded program written in embedded C language.

 

The major building blocks of this project are:

• Regenerative Braking with Power Monitor.
• Regulated power supply.
• ARDUINO UNO Microcontroller.
• Temperature sensor.
• Voltage sensor.
• Current sensor.
• Buzzer.
• Li-ion Battery pack.
• Relays.
• Charging Circuit.
• LCD display.
• LED Indicators.

Software’s used:

• Embedded C programming.
• Arduino UNO for dumping code into Micro controller.
• Express SCH for Circuit design.

     

   

     

 

video: