This project presents a Smart Bus System for Physically Challenged (PHC) and Elderly People integrated with intelligent safety, mobility assistance, and fire-alert mechanisms. The system is built around an Arduino Nano controller, interfaced with multiple sensors, actuators, and wireless modules to enhance accessibility and safety for passengers with special needs. An IR sensor is used to detect the presence of a person on the seat. Once detection is confirmed, a servo-motor–based automatic seat belt mechanism secures the passenger safely. For mobility assistance, a servo controller and ROBO switch are employed to operate a movable chair that lifts, rotates, and positions PHC passengers comfortably into the bus. The bus movement is controlled via an HC-05 Bluetooth module, enabling remote operation through an Android mobile application, which ensures safer and easier handling by the caretaker or driver. A fire sensor is incorporated to detect fire or high-temperature conditions inside the bus. On detection, a buzzer alert is triggered to warn passengers and operators immediately. Power to the entire system is regulated using an LM2596 voltage regulator, ensuring stable operation from the battery supply. Additionally, an L298N motor driver controls the DC motor responsible for bus movement. Overall, the system provides automatic safety, enhanced accessibility, remote control capability, and early fire detection, making public transport more inclusive, reliable, and secure for physically challenged and elderly passengers.

 

Objectives:

 To design an assistive smart bus system that provides safe and convenient transportation for physically challenged (PHC) and elderly passengers.

 To automate seat belt locking using an IR sensor and servo motor, ensuring passenger safety by detecting seating and fastening the belt automatically.

 To develop a movable chair mechanism controlled by a servo controller and ROBO switch to lift, rotate, and position PHC persons comfortably inside the bus.

 To implement wireless control of the bus using an HC-05 Bluetooth module and Android mobile application for easy operation by drivers or caretakers.

 To ensure onboard fire safety by integrating a fire sensor that detects fire or high temperature and provides an immediate alert using a buzzer.

 To provide stable and reliable power delivery to all components via an LM2596 voltage regulator and battery supply system.

 To control bus movement accurately using an L298N motor driver and DC motor, enabling safe and smooth navigation.

 To enhance overall accessibility and independence for PHC and elderly individuals by integrating smart automation techniques in public transportation.

Components Used:

• 12V, 1AH Battery.
• L298N Motor driver.
• DC motors.
• LM 2596 regulator.
• IR SENSOR.
• FIRE SENSOR.
• HC-05 Bluetooth module.
• SERVO controller.
• Robo switch.
• Arduino nano.
• Servo motor.
• 4 wheels.
• Movable chair.
• Seat belt.

Software’s used:

• Arduino IDE for compiling dumping code into Micro controller.
• Embedded C language.

 

 

 

 

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