The use of green energy is becoming increasingly more important in today’s world. Therefore, electric vehicles are currently the best choice for the environment in terms of public and personal transportation. Because of its high energy and current density, lithium-ion batteries are widely used in electric vehicles. Unfortunately, lithium-ion batteries can be dangerous if they are not operated within their Safety Operation Area (SOA). Therefore, a battery management system (BMS) must be used in every lithium-ion battery, especially for those used in electric vehicles. A battery management system (BMS) is proposed which is used for electronic vehicle that manages a rechargeable battery (cell or battery pack), such as by protecting the battery from operating outside its safe operating area, monitoring its state of charging and state of health on LCD.   The microcontroller measures the SOC (State-of-Charge) and (SoH) State-of-Health from voltage sensors and based on that it will switch ON/OFF the relay for battery charging. Here relay works as a switch to ON/OFF the charging connection. And also, it will display the power, voltage, current, temperature, SOC and SOH values on LCD module. It will activate the buzzer if the sensor data exceed threshold value. The main controlling device of the project is PIC Microcontroller which loaded program written in embedded C language.      

The major building blocks of this project are:

• Regulated power supply
• PIC Microcontroller.
• Temperature sensor.
• Voltage sensor.
• Current sensor.
• Buzzer
• 12V Battery pack.
• Relay
• Charging Circuit.
• LCD display.
• LED Indicators
• Crystal oscillator
• Reset button.

  Software’s used:

• PIC-C compiler for Embedded C programming.
• PIC kit 2 programmer for dumping code into Micro controller.
• Express SCH for Circuit design.

        Block diagram:

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