This project aims at monitoring the oil temperature of a transformer continuously and protects from overheating. Since transformers are vital elements of the electric power transmission and distribution infrastructure, they need to be monitored to prevent any potential faults. Failures in a transformer can easily costs several million dollars to either repair or replace, and will also cause a loss of service to customers and revenue until the symptom is found and repaired.   This project presents a Transformer Oil Temperature Monitoring and Protection System using a microcontroller. A temperature sensor continuously monitors the transformer oil temperature and displays it on an LCD. When the temperature exceeds the preset safe limit, the microcontroller automatically trips the circuit breaker, activates a buzzer alarm, and protects the transformer from overheating. This system enhances transformer safety, improves reliability, extends equipment life, and helps prevent costly failures.         The objectives of the project include:  

• To continuously monitor the transformer oil temperature.
• To display the oil temperature on an LCD in real time.
• To automatically trip the circuit breaker when the temperature exceeds the safe limit.
• To provide a buzzer alarm during overheating conditions.
• To protect the transformer from damage and improve its operational life.

          The major building blocks of this project are:  

1. Regulated power supply.
2. Microcontroller.
3. Temperature sensor.
4. Relay with driver.
5. Buzzer with driver.
6. LCD display with driver.
7. Reset Button.
8. Crystal
9. LED indicators.

        Software’s used:    

• PIC-C compiler for Embedded C programming.
• PIC kit 2 programmer for dumping code into Micro controller.
• Express SCH for Circuit design.

            Regulated Power Supply:

                   

Block Diagram:

       

video: