The Soil Moisture and Motor Temperature Based Irrigation Water Pump Controlling System is an intelligent irrigation system designed to automate water pumping while protecting the motor from overheating. The system continuously monitors the soil moisture level using a soil moisture sensor and the motor temperature using a temperature sensor attached to the pump motor. When the soil moisture falls below the preset level and the motor temperature is within the safe operating range, the water pump is automatically switched ON through a relay to irrigate the field. Once the required soil moisture level is reached, the pump is automatically turned OFF to avoid water wastage. The system also provides an important motor protection feature. If the temperature of the water pump motor rises above a predefined limit due to overload, continuous operation, or poor cooling, the temperature sensor immediately detects the overheating condition and switches OFF the motor automatically. This prevents motor damage, improves safety, and increases the lifespan of the irrigation pump. LED indicators are used to display the pump status and motor over-temperature condition. This project is suitable for agricultural fields, gardens, and farms where automatic irrigation and motor safety are essential. The system reduces manual intervention, conserves water, protects the irrigation motor from overheating, and ensures reliable and efficient irrigation without unnecessary motor failures.            

The major features of this project are:  

  Automatic Irrigation Control – Automatically switches the water pump ON when the soil moisture level is low and turns it OFF when sufficient moisture is reached.

  Motor Temperature Protection – Continuously monitors the water pump motor temperature and automatically turns OFF the motor if it overheats, preventing damage.

  Water Conservation – Supplies water only when required, reducing water wastage and improving irrigation efficiency.

  Motor Safety and Reliability – Protects the irrigation pump from overheating, increasing motor life and reducing maintenance costs.            

The major building blocks of this project are:  

1. Regulated Power Supply.
2. PIC Microcontroller.
3. Soil moisture sensor.
4. Relay with driver.
5. Crystal oscillator
6. LED Indicators.
7. Temperature sensor
8. Reset Button.

          Software’s used:    

• PIC-C compiler for Embedded C programming.
• PIC kit 2 programmer for dumping code into Micro controller.
• Express SCH for Circuit design.

        Regulated Power Supply:

                   

Block Diagram:        

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