Once the robot reaches the fire, a servo motor rotates the water spray nozzle to accurately aim at the flame. The Arduino activates a relay to switch on the DC water pump, which sprays water directly onto the fire. The servo-controlled nozzle ensures effective water distribution, helping to extinguish the fire quickly while reducing water wastage.

The entire system is powered by a rechargeable battery, and an LM2596 voltage regulator provides the required operating voltage to the electronic components. This low-cost and portable robot can be used for educational purposes, laboratories, homes, and small industrial environments, demonstrating an efficient and safe method for automatic fire detection and suppression.

Objectives:

• To design and develop an Arduino-based autonomous firefighting robot.
• To detect fire using three flame sensors mounted on the front side of the robot.
• To move the robot automatically toward the detected fire source.
• To control the robot’s movement using DC motors and an L298 motor driver.
• To activate a DC water pump through a relay for extinguishing the fire.
• To use a servo motor for precise control of the water spray nozzle direction.
• To provide a low-cost, portable, and efficient fire detection and suppression system.
• To improve safety by reducing the need for human intervention in handling small fire accidents.

The major building blocks of this project are:

• Battery power supply.
• ARDUINO NANO Micro controller.
• Three Fire sensors.
• DC motor along with L298 driver.
• Water motor.
• Relay.
• LM2596 module.
• Servo Motor.

Software’s used:

• Embedded C program.
• ARDUINO IDE studio.

video:

This project makes use of four fire sensors which we place the four sides of the robot to detect the fire. Water motor long with relay is uses to spray the water if the sensor detects the fire. Here relay works as a switch to ON/OFF the water motor. DC motors long with l293d motor is uses to moves the robot.

The Arduino Uno is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega328. It has 14 digital input/output pins (of which 6 can be used as PWM outputs), 6 analog inputs, a 16 MHz ceramic resonator, a USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header, and a reset button. It contains everything needed to support the microcontroller; simply connect it to a computer with a USB cable or power it with an AC-to-DC adapter or battery to get started.

The controlling device of the robot system is Arduino UNO Microcontroller. Microcontroller reads the data from fire sensors and decides the direction and operates the DC motors connected to it accordingly. The system also controls the fire extinguisher when the fire was detected, this robot will move towards the fire and spray the water to stop the fire. To perform this intelligent task, Microcontroller is loaded with a program written in embedded ‘C’ language.

Features

1. Automatically detects fire using multiple fire sensors.
2. Moves in all four directions using DC motors.
3. Sprays water automatically when fire is detected.
4. Arduino Uno controls robot movement and fire detection.
5. Relay module used to switch the water pump ON/OFF.
6. L293D motor driver controls the DC motors efficiently.
7. Fully automatic firefighting operation without manual control.
8. Helps reduce fire accidents and improve safety.

The major building blocks of this project are:

• Battery power supply.
• ARDUINO UNO Micro controller.
• Four Fire sensors.
• DC motor along with L298 driver.
• Water motor.
• Relay.
• LM2596 module.

Software’s used:

• Embedded C program.
• ARDUINO IDE studio.

Block Diagram:

video:

This project makes use of four fire sensors which we place the four sides of the robot to detect the fire. Water motor long with relay is uses to spray the water if the sensor detects the fire. Here relay works as a switch to ON/OFF the water motor. DC motors long with l293d motor is uses to moves the robot.

The Arduino Uno is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega328. It has 14 digital input/output pins (of which 6 can be used as PWM outputs), 6 analog inputs, a 16 MHz ceramic resonator, a USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header, and a reset button. It contains everything needed to support the microcontroller; simply connect it to a computer with a USB cable or power it with an AC-to-DC adapter or battery to get started.

The controlling device of the robot system is Arduino UNO Microcontroller. Microcontroller reads the data from fire sensors and decides the direction and operates the DC motors connected to it accordingly. The system also controls the fire extinguisher when the fire was detected, this robot will move towards the fire and spray the water to stop the fire. To perform this intelligent task, Microcontroller is loaded with a program written in embedded ‘C’ language.

The major building blocks of this project are:

• Battery power supply.
• ARDUINO Micro controller.
• Fire sensors.
• DC motor along with L298 driver.
• Water motor.
• Relay.
• Lm2596 module.

Software’s used:

• Embedded C program.
• ARDUINO IDE studio.

Block Diagram:

video: