This consists of a Microcontroller based control system and Ultrasonic Sensor. The system transmits a burst of ultrasonic sound waves towards the subject and then receives the corresponding echo. The time taken for the ultrasonic burst to travel the distance from the system to the subject and back to the system is accurately measured by the MSP430.The minimum distance that this system can measure is 2cm and is limited by the transmitter’s transducer settling time. The Microcontrollers used in the project are programmed using Embedded C language.

The objectives of the project include:

1. Distance-measuring system

The project focuses on the following advancements:

1. Arduino UNO Microcontroller
2. Interfacing ultrasonic sensor to Microcontroller.
3. Embedded C programming.

The major building blocks of this project are:

1. Regulated Power Supply
2. Micro Controller
3. Ultrasonic Sensor.
4. LED indicators.

Software’s used:

1. Arduino IDE for compiling and dumping code into Microcontroller
2. Express SCH for Circuit design.

Block diagram:

video:

The system uses ultrasonic sensor to detect the obstacles in its path and MEMS sensor is used to detect the potholes. DC motors are used to moves the directions of the robot.

The main controlling device of the project is Arduino nano microcontroller. Ultrasonic sensor, MEMS sensor, Buzzer and DC motor along with l293d motor driver are interfaced to the microcontroller. We are placing ultrasonic sensor at front side of the robot. When the robot starts moving it will automatically detect the obstacles in its path using ultrasonic sensor and stop the robot automatically and activate the buzzer along with RED LED indication. When the robot detects the potholes by the mems sensor and process this data to the arduino nano then arduino nano will activate the buzzer for alerts and switch on the GREEN LED. The Arduino Microcontroller is programmed in Embedded C language which intelligently performs the specific task.

Features of the project:

• Using arduino nano microcontroller to achieve the task.
• Design a robotic vehicle with obstacle and pothole detection also alerting system.
• Ultrasonic sensor-based obstacle detection.
• MEMS sensor-based pothole detection.
• To moves the robot using DC motors.
• Audible alerts using BUZZER.
• Visible alerts using LEDs.

The major building blocks of this project are:

• Rechargeable battery.
• ARDUINO nano.
• HC-SR04 Ultrasonic sensor.
• MEMS sensor.
• Buzzer
• DC motor along with L293D motor driver.
• LEDs

Software’s used:

1. Arduino ide for Embedded C programming.
2. Express SCH for Circuit design.

Block Diagram:

video:

Implementation of ultrasonic radar system using microcontroller and to create a system that improves quality of life. By tracking people and objects, System would allow the observation of activities of daily living (ADL).

Ultrasonic sensors generate high frequency sound waves and evaluate the eco which is received back by the sensor. Ultrasonic transmitters operate by sending a sound wave, generated from a piezo electric transducer, to the media being measured.

The device measures the length of time it takes for the reflected sound wave to return to the transducer. The Ultrasonic sensors used in this project work at the frequency of 40 Khz. The 40 KHz signal is generated in the Micro Controller.

The Ultrasonic Receiver receives the sound waves if any and converts them into electrical pulses which are mostly sinusoids. The interrupt sensor emitting a beam of infrared light from one upright to the other, the sensor can detect when an object passes between the uprights, breaking the beam.

Ultrasonic Sensor senses the obstacles in its path by continuously transmitting the ultrasonic waves. If any obstacle comes in its vicinity, then the ultrasonic waves get reflected back to the system. The ultrasonic receiver senses these ultrasonic waves and this information are passed to the Microcontroller. Then microcontroller control the vehicle accordingly. The Microcontroller is programmed using Embedded C language.

This project provides learning’s on the following advancements:

1. Interfacing Ultrasonic sensor to Microcontroller.
2. Interfacing DC motors to Microcontroller.
3. Embedded C programming.
4. PCB designing.

  The major building blocks of this project are:

1. Battery Power Supply.
2. PIC Microcontroller.
3. Crystal Oscillator
4. Reset button.
5. Three Ultrasonic distance sensor.
6. DC motors with L293d motor driver.
7. LED indicator.

Software’s used:

1. PIC-C compiler for Embedded C programming.
2. PIC kit 2 programmer for dumping code into Micro controller.
3.  Express SCH for Circuit design.

Block diagram:

video: