In this project, a servo motor is interfaced with the NodeMCU to physically operate the MCB switch. Based on commands received from the web page, the NodeMCU controls the servo motor to turn ON or OFF the MCB. This enables real-time switching and automation without manual intervention.

The system can be further enhanced with sensors to detect abnormal conditions such as overcurrent, overvoltage, or short circuits. When such faults are detected, the controller automatically trips the MCB to prevent damage to electrical equipment and ensure user safety.

Overall, the Smart MCB system provides a reliable, cost-effective, and user-friendly solution for smart energy management, remote control, and electrical fault protection. It is highly suitable for modern smart homes, industries, and energy-efficient systems.

The main Objectives:

  To develop an IoT-based protection system: Design and implement a smart circuit breaker system using a NodeMCU for remote monitoring and control over the internet.

  To enable remote ON/OFF control of MCB: Allow users to operate the MCB from a web interface or mobile device without physical interaction.

  To automate fault detection and protection: Detect abnormal conditions like overcurrent, overvoltage, and short circuits, and automatically trip the MCB to prevent damage.

  To integrate servo motor-based switching mechanism: Use a servo motor to physically operate the MCB switch based on controller commands.

  To provide real-time monitoring of electrical parameters: Monitor system status and electrical conditions continuously through IoT connectivity.

  To improve electrical safety and reliability: Reduce risks of electrical hazards by ensuring quick and automatic response to faults.

  To design a cost-effective and user-friendly system: Develop an affordable solution that is easy to use for homes, industries, and commercial applications.

  To support smart home and industrial automation: Enable integration with modern automation systems for efficient energy management.

  To reduce manual intervention: Minimize human effort in controlling and maintaining electrical systems.

  To enhance energy management efficiency: Provide better control over power usage and system performance.

The major building blocks of this project are:

• Regulated power supply
• NodeMCU Microcontroller.
• Servo Motor.
• Realtime MCB.

Software’s used:

• Embedded C programming.
• Arduino IDE programmer for dumping code into Micro controller.
• Express SCH for Circuit design.

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The objectives of the project include:

• To design and develop an IoT-based smart dustbin monitoring system
• To measure the garbage level using an ultrasonic sensor
• To detect when the dustbin is full automatically
• To send email alerts to concerned authorities when the bin is full
• To display real-time dustbin status on an LCD using I2C
• To upload and monitor data on the ThingSpeak cloud platform
• To provide a local alert using a buzzer
• To ensure efficient and timely waste collection
• To reduce manual monitoring and improve cleanliness
• To support smart city waste management systems

The main building blocks of the project are:

• Adapter power supply.
• NodeMCU.
• Buzzer
• LCD display.
• Ultrasonic sensor.

Software’s used:

1. Arduino IDE studio compiler to write the program.
2.  Express SCH for Circuit design.
3. IoT thingspeak technology.

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The proposed system uses a flame sensor to detect fire and an MQ-2 Gas Sensor to monitor the presence of hazardous gases such as LPG, methane, and smoke. These sensors continuously send data to the NodeMCU, which processes the inputs and determines if abnormal conditions are present.

When a fire or gas leak is detected, the system immediately activates a buzzer to provide a local audible alert. Simultaneously, it sends an email notification to the user through internet connectivity enabled by the NodeMCU’s built-in Wi-Fi module. Sensor readings and system status are displayed in real time on an LCD module for local monitoring.

In addition, the system uploads sensor data to the WEB, enabling remote monitoring, data visualization, and historical analysis. This allows users to track environmental conditions from anywhere and take preventive action when necessary.

The system is cost-effective, compact, and easy to deploy, making it suitable for homes, laboratories, and industrial setups. By combining real-time detection, instant alerts, and cloud integration, this project significantly improves safety and response time in case of fire or gas leakage incidents.

The main objectives of the project are:

  To detect fire using a flame sensor

  To detect gas leakage using MQ-2 gas sensor

  To provide instant alerts using a buzzer

  To send email notifications through IoT

  To display real-time data on LCD

  To upload sensor data to the cloud for remote monitoring

  To develop a low-cost and efficient safety system.

The major building blocks of this project are:

• Regulated Power supply.
• Node MCU Microcontroller.
• MQ-2 GAS sensor.
• FIRE sensor.
• Buzzer with driver.
• LCD display with I2C.

Software’s used:

1. Embedded C programming.
2. ARDUINO IDE for dumping code into Micro controller.
3. Express SCH for Circuit design.

Regulated power supply:

Block Diagram:

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Objectives:

1. To design and implement an IoT based stepper motor control system for robotic applications.
2. To enable wireless control of stepper motor using a web browser through Wi-Fi.
3. To control the direction of rotation (Clockwise / Anti-clockwise).
4. To control motor speed by varying step pulses.
5. To provide Start/Stop operation through the web interface.
6. To interface NodeMCU (ESP8266) with a stepper motor driver module for efficient motor driving.
7. To develop a low-cost, user-friendly and reliable system for robotic motion and automation tasks.

The main building blocks of the project are:

1. Regulated Power Supply.
2. NodeMCU.
3. Stepper motor with driver.

Software’s used:

1. Embedded C programming.
2. Arduino IDE for dumping code into Micro controller.
3. Express SCH for Circuit design.

Regulated Power Supply:

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A user-friendly web dashboard allows the user to start or stop the motor, change its direction (clockwise or anticlockwise), adjust its speed using a slider, and perform an emergency stop whenever required. The NodeMCU receives the commands from the web interface and controls the DC motor driver, which regulates the motor’s speed using Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) and changes its rotation direction based on user input.

An LCD display is used to show the current operating status, including motor speed and direction, providing real-time feedback to the user. Separate power supplies are used for the control circuit and the motor to ensure reliable and safe operation. The system offers accurate motor control, remote accessibility, and ease of operation, making it suitable for industrial automation, robotics, conveyor systems, laboratory equipment, and educational applications.

This project demonstrates a low-cost, efficient, and IoT-enabled solution for real-time DC motor speed and direction control, improving automation, flexibility, and user convenience through wireless technology.

The main objectives of the project are:

1. IOT based controlling of DC motor speed and direction.
2. Usage WEB technology.
3. Monitoring DC motor speed and direction on LCD display.

The major building blocks of this project are:

1. Adapter Power supply.
2. NodeMCU.
3. DC Motor with driver.
4. LCD Module.

Software’s used:

• Embedded C programming.
• ARDUINO IDE STUDIO for dumping code into Micro controller.
• Express SCH for Circuit design.

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The growing demand for green energy has increased the importance of Electric Vehicles (EVs), which mainly use Lithium-Ion batteries due to their high energy density. Since these batteries must operate within safe limits, a Battery Management System (BMS) is essential.

This system uses a NodeMCU ESP8266 microcontroller to monitor battery voltage and temperature through connected sensors. When the battery charge level drops, the controller activates a relay to start the charging process automatically. It also calculates important battery parameters such as State of Charge (SOC) and State of Health (SOH).

The measured voltage, SOC, SOH, and temperature values are displayed on an LCD for real-time monitoring. If the temperature exceeds the safety limit, a buzzer is activated to alert the user.

For remote monitoring, the NodeMCU sends battery data to the ThingSpeak IoT cloud platform using its built-in Wi-Fi. This enables users to track battery performance and system status from anywhere through a mobile phone or computer.

The entire system is programmed using Embedded C in the Arduino IDE, which manages sensor readings, charging control, display updates, safety alerts, and IoT communication.

Objectives:

  To design a battery monitoring system using the NodeMCU ESP8266 microcontroller.

  To measure battery voltage continuously for monitoring battery condition.

  To monitor battery temperature using a temperature sensor to ensure safe operation.

  To calculate battery parameters such as State of Charge (SOC) and State of Health (SOH).

  To automatically control battery charging using a relay module when the battery voltage becomes low.

  To display battery voltage, temperature, SOC, and SOH values on the LCD display for real-time monitoring.

  To provide a safety alert using a buzzer when the temperature exceeds the safe limit.

  To upload battery monitoring data such as voltage, temperature, SOC, and SOH to the cloud using the ThingSpeak IoT platform for remote monitoring.

  To improve battery safety, efficiency, and monitoring using IoT technology.

The major building blocks of this project are:

• Regulated power supply
• NodeMCU Microcontroller.
• Temperature sensor.
• Voltage sensor.
• Buzzer.
• 12V Battery pack
• Relay.
• Charging Circuit.
• LCD display.

Software’s used:

• Embedded C programming.
• Arduino IDE programmer for dumping code into Micro controller.
• Express SCH for Circuit design.
• IOT technology.

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In this work, the purpose, functions and topologies of BMS are discussed in detail. In addition, early battery models along with the hardware and system designs for BMS are covered in a literature review. Then, an improved battery model is introduced, and simulation results are shown to verify the model’s performance. Finally, the design of a novel BMS hardware system and its experimental results are discussed. The possible improvements for the battery models and BMS hardware are given in the section on conclusions and future work.

A battery management system (BMS) is proposed which is used for electronic vehicle that manages a rechargeable battery (cell or battery pack), such as by protecting the battery from operating outside its safe operating area, monitoring its state using NodeMCU microcontroller.

The controlling device of the whole system is NodeMCU microcontroller. The integrated modules to the controller are temperature sensor, Battery pack along with relay, Charger and LCD Module. The NodeMCU measures the voltage from sensor, when any of the battery pack get drained it will switch on the relay for battery charging. Here relay works as a switch to on/off the charging connection.  Node MCU will calculate the battery SOC, SOH values and measure the battery voltage value will be displayed on LCD module as well as it displays the temperature continuously. If the temperature value crosses the set limit, then NodeMCU will active the buzzer for alerts. To achieve this task microcontroller loaded program written in embedded C language.

Objectives:

  To design a battery monitoring system using the NodeMCU ESP8266 microcontroller.

  To measure battery voltage continuously for monitoring battery condition.

  To monitor battery temperature using a temperature sensor to ensure safe operation.

  To calculate battery parameters such as State of Charge (SOC) and State of Health (SOH).

  To automatically control battery charging using a relay module when the battery voltage becomes low.

  To display battery voltage, temperature, SOC, and SOH values on the LCD display for real-time monitoring.

  To provide a safety alert using a buzzer when the temperature exceeds the safe limit.

  To improve battery safety, efficiency, and monitoring.

The major building blocks of this project are:

• Regulated power supply
• NodeMCU Microcontroller.
• Temperature sensor.
• Voltage sensor.
• Buzzer.
• 12V Battery pack
• Relay.
• Charging Circuit.
• LCD display.

Software’s used:

• Embedded C programming.
• Arduino IDE programmer for dumping code into Micro controller.
• Express SCH for Circuit design.

video:

The NodeMCU (ESP8266/ESP32) microcontroller is used to process input signals and trigger appropriate voice prompts stored in the DF Mini Player, a compact MP3 player module. The system operates as follows:

1. Weather-Based Prompts: Retrieves weather data and provides voice alerts about current conditions (e.g., temperature, rain, or cold warnings).
2. Key-Related Prompts: Detects when the keys are removed and gives reminders, such as locking the door and carrying essential items like a phone or wallet.
3. Time-Based Reminders: Issues scheduled voice notifications for daily activities like waking up, catching a bus, having lunch, studying, and bedtime reminders.

The project is ideal for enhancing daily routines, improving security awareness, and ensuring better time management. The integration of NodeMCU with DF Mini Player makes it a cost-effective and efficient solution for a smart voice alert system.

Features:

Automatic Voice Alerts – Provides real-time voice reminders for weather updates, key-related actions, and scheduled tasks.

Weather-Based Notifications – Retrieves weather data and notifies users about temperature, rain, or cold conditions before they leave.

Key-Related Reminders – Detects when keys are removed and reminds users to lock doors and carry essential items (phone, wallet, etc.).

Time-Based Reminders – Alerts users about important daily activities like waking up, catching the bus, lunch, studying, and bedtime.

Compact and Low Power – Utilizes NodeMCU for efficient power consumption and compact size.

MP3 Audio Playback – Uses DF Mini Player to store and play pre-recorded voice messages for clear and effective communication.

The major building blocks of this project are:

1. Adapter Power Supply.
2. NodeMCU module.
3. DF mini player.
4. Speaker.
5. MicroSD Card.
6. IR sensor.

Software’s used:

1. Arduino IDE Studio compiler for Embedded C programming.
2. Express SCH for Circuit design.

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The system utilizes an Arduino Uno as the main controller, current sensors for continuous monitoring of the three-phase transmission line currents, a relay module for fault isolation, and an LCD display for local status indication. A NodeMCU (ESP8266) module provides IoT connectivity, while a GPS module is used to determine the exact location of the fault. When a fault occurs, the Arduino analyzes the sensor data, identifies the fault type, and activates the relay to disconnect the faulty section. Simultaneously, the NodeMCU uploads the fault information and GPS coordinates to a cloud-based monitoring platform.

The fault details, including fault type, current values, and location, are displayed on the LCD and transmitted to the web server for remote monitoring. A buzzer provides an immediate audible alert to maintenance personnel. The GPS coordinates can also be linked to Google Maps, enabling quick identification of the fault location.

This system improves the reliability, safety, and efficiency of power transmission networks by enabling rapid fault detection, accurate fault localization, and real-time remote monitoring. The integration of IoT and GPS technologies helps reduce maintenance time, minimize power outages, and enhance overall grid management.

Objectives:

1. To detect faults in a three-phase transmission line.
2. To identify different types of faults such as SLG, LL, DLG, and three-phase faults.
3. To continuously monitor line currents using current sensors.
4. To display fault status on an LCD screen.
5. To provide an audible alert using a buzzer when a fault occurs.
6. To isolate the faulty section using a relay.
7. To track the fault location using a GPS module.
8. To send fault information to the cloud using NodeMCU.
9. To enable real-time remote monitoring through IoT.
10. To reduce fault detection time and improve power system reliability.

The major building blocks of this project are:

• Adapter power supply.
• Arduino UNO Microcontroller.
• Resistors.
• Relays.
• Current sensors.
• GPS.
• LCD with driver.
• NODE MCU module.
• Buzzer
• Three phase Transmission Line.
• LED indicators.

Software’s used:

• Arduino IDE for compiling and dumping code into Microcontroller
• Express SCH for Circuit design.

Regulated power Supply:

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The measured values are displayed locally on an LCD display and remotely on the Blynk mobile application through Wi-Fi connectivity. The system automatically calculates the total energy consumed in kilowatt-hours (kWh) and estimates the electricity bill based on the consumed energy units. In addition, a relay-controlled bulb/load can be switched ON or OFF remotely using the Blynk mobile application, providing users with convenient control of electrical appliances from anywhere.

This project offers a low-cost, accurate, and user-friendly solution for smart energy monitoring and remote load control in homes, offices, and industrial environments. By providing real-time energy data, bill estimation, and remote switching capabilities, the system helps users reduce energy wastage, manage electricity costs effectively, and improve overall energy efficiency.

Main Features:

• Real-time Voltage Monitoring
• Real-time Current Monitoring
• Real-time Power (Watt) Monitoring
• Energy Consumption (kWh) Calculation
• Electricity Bill Estimation
• LCD Display for local parameter monitoring
• Blynk Mobile App for remote monitoring
• Wi-Fi Enabled IoT Connectivity
• Remote ON/OFF Control of bulb/load through Blynk App
• Relay-Based Load Switching
• Continuous Data Update and Logging
• User-Friendly and Low-Cost Design
• Suitable for Home, Office, and Industrial Energy Management
• Helps in Reducing Energy Wastage
• Supports Smart Energy Monitoring and Control Applications.

The main blocks of this project are:

1. Regulated Power Supply.
2. Three pin Socket.
3. Relay with Bulb.
4. LCD display.
5. PZ004t module

Software’s used:

1. Embedded C for compiling and dumping code into NodeMCU by using Arduino IDE compiler.
2. Express SCH for Circuit design.
3. Blynk APP.

Regulated power supply:

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