The NodeMCU acts as the main controller of the system. Two relays are interfaced with the NodeMCU to control two lights, while two transistors are used as switching devices to control a fan and a buzzer. The Blynk application provides a user-friendly interface with buttons for controlling each appliance. When the user presses a button in the application, the command is transmitted through the internet to the NodeMCU via Wi-Fi. The NodeMCU processes the received command and controls the corresponding relay or transistor to switch the connected appliance ON or OFF.

The relays operate as electrically controlled switches, allowing the NodeMCU to control the lights safely through suitable driver circuitry. The transistors act as electronic switches for controlling the fan and buzzer, with appropriate driver components where required. An LCD is interfaced with the NodeMCU to display the real-time ON/OFF status of the connected appliances. Thus, the proposed system provides convenient, wireless, and efficient control of home electrical appliances using IoT technology.

 The objectives of the project include:

• Controlling home alliances through Blynk app.
• To Control the devices using Wi-Fi technology.
• Load status can monitor on LCD.
• Relays based device switching.
• Using NodeMCU module to achieve this task.

The main building blocks of the project are:

• NodeMCU.
• 2 RELAY BORD.
• 2 transistor board.
• 4 Appliances (bulb, light, fan, buzzer).
• LCD display.

Software’s used:

1. Arduino IDE studio compiler to write the program.
2.  Express SCH for Circuit design.
3. Blynk APP.

video:

The light intensity is measured using an LDR sensor, while an ACS712 current sensor is used to measure the current generated by the solar panel. A temperature sensor is used to monitor the panel temperature. The solar panel voltage is measured by connecting the panel output to the Arduino UNO through a potential divider circuit.

The Arduino UNO microcontroller acts as the main controlling unit of the system. The measured parameters are collected and processed by the Arduino and transmitted to the ThingSpeak IoT platform through a Wi-Fi module. The voltage, current, temperature, and light intensity values are continuously monitored and updated on the ThingSpeak webpage along with the corresponding date and time. The microcontroller is programmed using Embedded C language to perform the required monitoring and communication tasks.

ThingSpeak is an open-source IoT platform that allows data to be stored, monitored, and retrieved through the Internet using communication protocols such as HTTP. The proposed system continuously monitors the solar panel parameters and uploads the measured data to the IoT platform for real-time observation. By using this technology, the performance and efficiency of solar energy systems can be monitored effectively, helping users analyze the operating conditions of solar panels and improve their overall utilization.

The main objectives of the project are:

  To design and develop a solar energy measurement system for monitoring solar panel performance.

  To measure the voltage generated by the solar panel.

  To measure the current produced by the solar panel using an ACS712 sensor.

  To monitor the temperature of the solar panel using a temperature sensor.

  To measure the light intensity using an LDR sensor.

  To process the sensor data using an Arduino UNO microcontroller.

  To transmit the measured solar parameters to the ThingSpeak IoT platform through Wi-Fi.

  To provide real-time monitoring of solar panel parameters along with date and time.

  To analyze the operating conditions and efficiency of the solar energy system.

  To develop a low-cost and reliable system for continuous solar parameter monitoring.

The major building blocks of this project are:

1. Regulated Power Supply.
2. Arduino UNO Microcontroller.
3. Solar panel.
4. Voltage sensor.
5. Current sensor.
6. Temperature sensor.
7. LDR.
8. WI-FI Module.

Software’s used:

1. Embedded C programming.
2. Arduino IDE programmer for dumping code into Micro controller.
3. Express SCH for Circuit design.

Block Diagram:

video:

This system uses Ultrasonic sensor which is used to detect the human presents near by the table and based on that Arduino switches on/off the light, fan through relay. Here relay works as a switch to on/off the devices.

The Arduino Uno is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega328. It has 14 digital input/output pins (of which 6 can be used as PWM outputs), 6 analog inputs, a 16 MHz ceramic resonator, a USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header, and a reset button. It contains everything needed to support the microcontroller; simply connect it to a computer with a USB cable or power it with an AC-to-DC adapter or battery to get started.

The main controlling device of the project is Arduino UNO microcontroller. Ultrasonic sensor, keypad, relay through light, fan and LCD display is interfaced to the Arduino. Arduino continuously read the data from sensor, keypad .Based on that Arduino take the appropriate action up on the system and process this data to the NodeMCU microcontroller it has inbuilt Wi-Fi to send the notification into the blynk app.

The features of the project are:

• Designed a E-Restaurant and menu ordering system using IOT.
• Using KEYPAD to select the food items.
• Using ultrasonic sensor to detects the person near by the table.
• Automatic device switching based on human presents.
• Using NodeMCU module to send the data into the blynkapp.
• Automatic intimation to the responder about table number, items quantity,customer order.
• Visible alerts using LCD display.
• Using Arduino, NodeMCU modules to achieve this task.

Software’s used:

• Arduino IDE for compiling and dumping code into Microcontrollers.
• Express SCH for Circuit design.

The main blocks of this project are:

• Power Supply.
• Arduino UNO.
• NodeMCU
• Ultrasonic sensor.
• Keypad
• Relay
• LCD display.
• Lights
• Fan
• Blynkapp

Block diagram of the project:

video: