Power plays a great role wherever man lives and works. The living standard and prosperity of a nation vary directly with the increase in the use of power. The electricity requirement of the world is increasing at an alarming rate due to industrial growth, increased and extensive use of electrical gadgets. According to world energy report, we get around 80% of our energy from conventional fossil fuels like oil (36%), natural gas (21%) and coal (23%). It is well known that the time is not so far when all these sources will be completely exhausted. So, alternative sources should be used to avoid energy crisis in the nearby future.

The system consists of two input blocks. One is the Energy Meter getting for the measurement of energy supplied to the grid. The customer gives this electricity to the utility. This amount of electricity will be billed by the Microcontroller with the help of Energy Meter Reading. The other input block is the Energy Meter from the normal Mains supply through which the Microcontroller calculates the number of units the user has used and does the billing work. The Microcontroller now displays the Net amount to be paid by the customer i.e., the net amount of electricity the customer exported to the utility subtracted from the net amount of electricity the customer has consumed during that billing period. The net amount is displayed on LCD.

The main objectives of the project are:

1. Intelligent power sharing system with electricity grid.
2. Net billing on LCD after deducting energy given to the grid

The major building blocks of this project are:

1. Regulated power supply.
2. PIC Micro-controller.
3. Solar panel.
4. Inverter.
5. Two energy meters.
6. Crystal oscillator.
7. Reset Button.
8. LED indicator.
9. Home grid system
10. LCD with driver

Software’s used:

1. PIC-C compiler for Embedded C programming.
2. PIC kit 2 programmer for dumping code into Micro controller.
3.  Express SCH for Circuit design.

Block Diagram:

video:

Fiber optic day lighting systems represent a new and innovative means of bringing direct sunlight into a building while maintaining the controllability and ease of application usually reserved for electric lighting by collecting natural light and channeling it through optical fibers to luminaires within the space. This technology has the ability to bring sunlight much deeper into buildings without impacting space layout or inviting the glare, lighting variability and heat gain issues that complicate most daylighting strategies. As products become commercially available and increasingly economically viable, these systems have the potential to conserve significant amounts of energy and improve indoor environmental quality across a variety of common applications.

The main blocks of this project are:

1. Regulated Power supply.
2. PIC microcontroller.
3. Sun light Sensor to sense the sun direction.
4. Motorized mechanism to control the position of solar panel.
5. LCD for display of measuring voltage.
6. LED Indicators.
7. Limit switches.
8. Parabolic collector.
9. Fiber optic cables.

Software’s used:

1. PIC-C compiler for Embedded C programming.
2. PIC kit 2 programmer for dumping code into Micro controller.
3. Express SCH for Circuit design.

Regulated power supply:

Block Diagram:

video:

In this project we are generating electrical power as non-conventional method by heat energy .Non-conventional energy systems very essential at this time to our nation.  Non-conventional energy using is converting mechanical energy into the electrical energy. Here in this project a mechanical arrangement is made.

In this project the conversion of the Radiator Heat energy in to electrical energy. By using this energy fan will operates and the energy is stored in a battery. The control mechanism carries the battery supply will pass to the inverter and it is used to drive AC. The battery is connected to the inverter. This inverter is used to convert the 12 Volt D.C to the 230 Volt A.C. This 230 Volt A.C voltage is used to activate the loads. We are using conventional battery charging unit also for giving supply to the circuitry.

In this project we are using TEP Transducer. Transducer is a device which converts one form of energy in to another form of energy. This includes electrical, mechanical, light and heat energy also .while the term transducer commonly implies the use of sensors/detector any device which converts energy considered as Transducer.

Features:

1. Generation of power using heat source
2. Can be useful for AC and DC loads.

The major building blocks of this project are:

1. Peltier plate.
2. Polarity converter.
3. Battery.
4. Charging circuit.
5. Radiator
6. Inverter
7. Step-up transformer.

Block Diagram:

video:

In this project we are generating electrical power as non-conventional method by heat thermal energy. Non-conventional energy systems very essential at this time to our nation. Non-conventional energy using is converting thermal energy into the electrical energy.

Here in this project a thermal peltier plate arrangement is made. In this project the conversion of the Heat energy in to electrical energy and the generated energy is stored into a battery. By using inverter will converts from DC to AC which uses to turn ON AC devices.

In this project we are using thermoelectric plate which produces the electricity from heat. As soon as heat reaches the Peltier modules, the temperature difference is imposed across them and the heat passing through the device is converted to electrical power. As heat travels through Peltier module, more power is altered from the heat with an increase in temperature difference and power output also increases. Thermoelectricity is the direct and thermodynamically reversible conversion of heat to electricity and vice versa. This peltier electricity is obtained stored into the battery through charging circuit. This battery power is used to switch ON the AC devices with the help of inverter.

Features:

1. Generation of power using trash.
2. Converting heat to electricity.
3. Converting temperature into electricity using thermoelectric plate.
4. Generated electricity is stored into the battery.
5. Conversion of DC to AC using inverter.

The major building blocks of this project are:

1. Heat source.
2. Peltier plate.
3. Charging circuit.
4. Rechargeable Battery.
5. Inverter
6. LEDs

Block Diagram:

video:

Features:

1. Integration of solar panels and grid power for efficient energy utilization.
2. Battery storage for managing energy during peak and off-peak periods.
3. Real-time monitoring of energy production, consumption, and storage.
4. Automated switching between energy sources based on availability and cost.
5. User-friendly interface with LCD display for system status and control.

The project provides the following learning’s:

1. Hands-on Experience with Arduino Uno
2. Integration of Renewable and Grid Energy.
3. Energy Storage and Management
4. Sensor and Actuator Interface
5. Wireless Communication
6. User Interface Design

The major building blocks of this project are:

1. ARDUINO UNO .
2. SOLAR PLATE
3. GRID
4. BATTERY
5. 6 RELAYS WITH DRIVER.
6. LCD with driver.
7. Hc-05
8. SELECTION SWITCHES
9. VOLTAGE SENSOR

Software’s used:

1. Arduino IDE Studio compiler for Embedded C programming.
2. Express SCH for Circuit design.

Regulated Power Supply:

Block Diagram:

video:

Wind and solar energy have been used since the earliest civilization to grind grain, pump water from deep wells, and power sailboats. Wind-mills in pre-industrial Europe were used for many things, including irrigation or drainage pumping, grain-grinding, saw-milling of timber, and the processing of other commodities such as spices, cocoa, paints and dyes, and tobacco. Before the U.S. installed an infrastructure of electricity wires, both water-pumping windmills and small wind electric turbines (“wind chargers”) were vital to farming and developing the American Great Plains and west. In recent decades, the industry has been perfecting the wind turbine to convert the power of the wind into electricity. The wind turbine has many advantages that make it an attractive energy source, especially in parts of the world where the transmission infrastructure is not fully developed. It is modular and can be installed relatively quickly, so it is easy to match electricity supply and demand. The fuel – the wind – is free and plentiful, which eliminates or reduces the need to purchase, ship, and store expensive fuels. It is flexible – with the power generated, households use can use appliances, such as lighting and refrigeration, schools can use computers and televisions, and industries can access a reliable power source. Perhaps most importantly, the generator does not produce any harmful emissions in the process of generating the electricity, unlike many other generation sources.

The project makes use of a wind turbine and solar panel. The wind and solar energy obtained is stored to a battery. The battery supply is fed to pulse generator and in turn to a MOSFET which is capable of generating ON/OFF pulses of different frequencies. This is fed to a step-up transformer to generate a low voltage AC. This AC is fed to Switch ON/OFF the electrical appliances and the DC power is used to charge the mobile phones using USB port.

Features of this project:

1. Using renewable energies solar and wind.
2. Storing wind and solar energy into the battery.
3. Conversion DC to AC using Inverter.
4. Mobile charging applications.

The major building blocks of this project are:

1. Wind turbine.
2. Solar panels.
3. Charging Circuit
4. Battery.
5. Inverter Circuit
6. ON/ OFF switch.
7. Bulb.
8. Mobile USB.

Charging Circuit:

Block Diagram:

video:

The main objectives of the project are:

Efficient Energy Harvesting – To maximize the utilization of solar energy by integrating a charging circuit, boost converter, and supercapacitor for optimal power storage.

Smart Power Management – To implement an Arduino-based control system that monitors and regulates energy flow using voltage sensors, ensuring stable power distribution.

Reliable Energy Storage – To enhance energy storage efficiency by using a combination of a supercapacitor (for fast charging/discharging) and a rechargeable battery (for long-term storage).

Seamless Power Conversion – To enable smooth conversion of DC to AC power through an inverter and step-down transformer, ensuring compatibility with AC loads like bulbs.

Real-time Monitoring and Display – To provide real-time voltage monitoring using an LCD display, helping users track system performance and optimize energy usage.

The major building blocks of this project are:

1. Solar
2. Super capacitor.
3. Battery Power Supply.
4. Arduino UNO Microcontroller.
5. DC to DC Boost converter.
6. Voltage sensors.
7. Step Down Transformer.
8. Charging Circuit.
9. Inverter
10. AC Bulb.

Software’s used:

1. Embedded C programming.
2. ARDUINO IDE programmer for dumping code into Micro controller.
3. Express SCH for Circuit design.

Block diagram:

video:

Solar and wind energy sources are conditioned using voltage capacitive drive circuits and stored in a battery to ensure continuous power supply. A single H-bridge inverter topology controlled by a PIC microcontroller generates the required multilevel AC output. The five-level inverter waveform is modeled and verified using MATLAB, demonstrating improved output voltage quality and higher efficiency.

Real-time monitoring of solar and wind input voltages is implemented using voltage sensors and an ESP8266 Wi-Fi module, with data uploaded to the ThingSpeak IoT platform for remote visualization and analysis. An LCD display provides local system status, while USB communication enables MATLAB interfacing for waveform analysis. The proposed system offers a reliable, scalable, and IoT-enabled solution suitable for modern renewable energy applications.

Objectives:

 To design and develop a cascaded multilevel inverter for photovoltaic (PV) systems.

 To generate a five-level inverter output waveform using MATLAB simulation.

 To improve efficiency and power quality by reducing harmonic distortion.

 To integrate solar and wind energy sources for reliable power generation.

 To store generated energy using a battery system for continuous operation.

 To monitor solar and wind voltages in real time using voltage sensors.

 To upload and visualize voltage data on the ThingSpeak IoT platform.

 To control the inverter operation using a PIC microcontroller.

 To provide safe and stable AC output suitable for electrical loads.

The major building blocks of this project are:

1. Solar panel.
2. Wind.
3. Voltage capacitive drive circuits.
4. Single h-bridge Inverter.
5. Battery.
6. Step-up transformer.
7. AC bulb.
8. LCD display.
9. ESP8266 WI-FI module.
10. PC with MATLAB.

Software’s used:

• PIC-C compiler for Embedded C programming.
• PIC kit 2 programmer for dumping code into Micro controller.
• Express SCH for Circuit design.
• MATLAB.
• Thingspeak cloud.

Regulated power supply:

Block Diagram:

video:

For this project the conversion of the force energy in to electrical energy. The control mechanism carries the rack & pinion, D.C generator, battery and inverter control.  In this we are attaching the dynamo with gear (pinion) setup on train and we are placing the rack on track. Rack & pinion used rotational motor to affect the linear motion via a rack & pinion combination. When the trains move on the track, the flywheel is attached to the shaft of the generator so if the flywheel will rotate then there is a rotation shaft generator and power get generated and that power is stored into the battery. This battery power is used to run the train and converts this battery power into AC using inverter.

The generator is used here, is permanent magnet D.C generator. The generated voltage is 12Volt D.C. This D.C voltage is stored to the Lead-acid 12 Volt battery. The battery is connected to the inverter. This inverter is used to convert the 12 Volt D.C to the 230 Volt A.C. This 230 Volt A.C voltage is used to activate the light, fan and etc. By increasing the capacity of battery and inverter circuit, the power rating is increased. This arrangement is fitted in the railway track and train.

Objectives:

• Generation power from railway track.
• Using rack and pinion MECHANISM
• generated power is obtained stores into the battery.
• DC to AC conversion using inverter.

Components:

• Railway track setup.
• Train setup with motor.
• Dynamo
• Charging circuit.
• Rechargeable battery.
• Inverter.
• Rack and pinion mechanism.

BLOCK DIAGRAM:

video: