GSM based prepaid electricity is a unique and new concept which saves lot of time and power for electricity department. User can recharge the card by sending a predefine SMS to the GSM whenever the power is required. If the sufficient amount is recharged, then the electrical power department can send the message through GSM with unique identification number. So the power is delivered to user. Depending upon the user usage of power, money will be decreased from card. Whenever the card balance gets low the system sends the SMS to the user mobile through GSM.

Microcontroller is interfaced with GSM modem. “GSM based pre-paid energy meter” is a modern era automation system where we can save the power. Here the devices to be controlled are interfaced with a GSM modem unit, which is capable of receiving instructions in the form of short message service and performs the necessary tasks. A dedicated GSM modem with SIM card is required for each energy meter. The status of the project will display on the LCD screen. This system can switch OFF the power if the consumer doesn’t pay the bill automatically. Here relay works as a switch to on /off the load.

Features:

1. Provides user friendly remote supply to energy meter.
2. Supports controlling of meter.
3. Non-volatile memory-based energy-reading storing.
4. Auto connect feature.
5. Sends SMS alert incase of balance goes below some predefined limit.

The major building blocks of this project are: 

1. Regulated Power Supply.
2. Arduino UNO.
3. GSM Modem.
4. Digital Energy Meter.
5. Optocoupler.
6. Relay with driver.
7. LCD with driver.

Software’s used:

1. Arduino IDE Studio compiler for Embedded C programming.
2. Express SCH for Circuit design.

Regulated Power Supply:

video:

The energy meters are connected to the PIC Microcontroller through an optocoupler. The optocoupler sensor gives an interrupt each time the meter LED ashes to the programmed PIC Microcontroller and PIC Microcontroller process this data to the ESP8266 WI-FI module then WI-FI module send this data to the blynk app. This system monitors the kWh readings and billing on LCD and also send this data into the blynk app. This design eliminates the human involvement in electricity maintenance.

The normal practice for power theft is to short the input and output terminals or to place a magnet on the wheel in case of old meters. So by sensing current flow through the line & energy feedback we can prevent it using a circuit breaker.

In this system, a PIC Microcontroller is interfaced with an energy metering circuit, current sensing circuit, WI-FI communication and a contactor to make or break power line. In this project we are connecting loads through relay and CT. Whenever theft was detected by the system then the PIC Microcontroller check the load status and immediately isolate the power supply through electromagnetic relay and send the notification to the user mobile into the blynk app through Wi-Fi. Here relay works as switch to on/off the power supply which is connected to the load. The main controlling device of the project is PIC Microcontroller which is programmed by Embedded C language.

Objectives:

• Automatic power theft detection.
• Wireless monitoring and notification to the user using IoT.
• Visible alert using LCD display.

Components used:

• Power supply
• PIC Microcontroller.
• Loads.
• Energy Meter.
• Optocoupler.
• WI-FI module.
• LCD display.
• Relay.
• Blynk app.
• CT

Software’s used:

1. PIC C compiler for dumping code
2. Embedded C programming.
3. Express SCH for Circuit design.

video:

The devices and equipment being applied in industrial and commercial facilities are more sensitive to power quality disturbances than equipment applied in the past. The whole system is as sensitive as the most sensitive equipment. Malfunction of equipment or mis operation of an important process can affect production continuity resulting in material damages.

We have designed a project to monitor all these things all the time because human effort is not sufficient and also not possible 24 x 7. PIC Microcontroller is our controller; current sensor and voltage sensor are used to monitor the power supply. The details will be updated in the thingspeak through IoT module connected to the controller. Any disturbance can be identified easily and necessary measures can be taken immediately to avoid further loss.

This project uses regulated 5V, 500mA power supply. 7805 three terminal voltage regulator is used for voltage regulation. Bridge type full wave rectifier is used to rectify the ac out put of secondary of 230/12V step down transformer.

Objectives:

• To develop a power quality monitoring system for industrial and commercial applications.
• To continuously monitor voltage and current using suitable sensors.
• To detect power supply disturbances and abnormal conditions automatically.
• To use a PIC microcontroller for data processing and system control.
• To transmit the monitored power parameters to ThingSpeak through IoT.
• To provide real-time monitoring and early identification of faults to reduce equipment damage and production losses.

Technical specifications:

Microcontroller                       :           PIC16F873

Power Supply                          :           +5V, 500mA Regulated Power Supply

LCD                                        :           16*2 LCD  16-character, 2-line (16X2)

Crystal                                     :           20MHz

Sensor                                     :           Current sensor and voltage sensor

Communication device           :           ESP8266

Software’s used:

1. PIC-C compiler for Embedded C programming.
2. PIC kit 2 programmer for dumping code into Micro controller.
3.  Express SCH for Circuit design.

Regulated Power Supply:

Block Diagram:

video:

An energy audit is a process of analyzing the power consumption of an electrical device and determining the cost incurred during its operation. It helps users evaluate whether a particular device is being used efficiently and economically in domestic or industrial applications. As electricity tariffs continue to increase, monitoring and auditing the energy consumption of individual devices has become increasingly important.

The proposed project consists of an instant energy auditing system using a PIC microcontroller. The system calculates the energy consumed by a device and the corresponding cost for a specified period of operation. The user can enter the electricity tariff and the expected operating time of the device through push buttons. Based on the entered parameters and the load power consumption, the PIC microcontroller calculates the estimated energy consumption in units and the associated electricity cost. The results are then displayed instantly, allowing the user to easily monitor and evaluate the energy usage of the connected device.

Minimum Features:

• Energy consumption calculation in kWh (units).
• Electricity cost estimation in rupees.
• PIC microcontroller-based operation.
• Tariff input through push buttons.
• Operating time input through push buttons.
• Instant display of calculated energy and cost.
• Simple and user-friendly operation.
• Suitable for domestic and industrial loads.
• Helps in energy auditing of individual electrical devices.
• Reduces manual calculation time and errors.

The major building blocks of this project are:

1. Regulated Power Supply.
2. PIC Microcontroller.
3. Push Buttons
4. Digital Energy Meter.
5. Optocoupler.
6. Relay with driver.
7. LCD with driver.
8. Buzzer with driver
9. Crystal
10. LED indicators.

Software’s used:

1. PIC-C compiler for Embedded C programming.
2. PIC kit 2 programmer for dumping code into Micro controller.
3. Express SCH for Circuit design.

Regulated Power Supply:

Block Diagram:

video:

In the present billing system, the distribution companies are unable to keep track of the changing maximum demand of consumers. The consumer is facing problems like receiving due bills for bills that have already been paid as well as poor reliability of electricity supply and quality even if bills are paid regularly. The remedy for all these problems is to keep track of the consumers load on timely basis, which will held to assure accurate billing, track maximum demand and to detect threshold value. These are all the features to be taken into account for designing an efficient energy billing system.

The controller of the whole project is Arduino. There are two modes of operation. One is Auto mode and manual mode. In auto mode, the devices get ON/OFF depending on the LDR and temperature sensors. When there is no light, the LDR senses that switches ON the light and when there is excess hotness in the surroundings, the fan gets ON. Soil moisture sensor-based auto water pump ON/OFF. Through Wi-Fi, we can get the device status and KWH ratings are displayed on Thingspeak. The device status is displayed on LCD.

The main objectives of the project:

1. To design a smart energy meter
2. To send data to thingspeak through wi-fi.
3. To use Arduino to achieve a task.

The major building blocks of this project are:

1. Regulated Power Supply.
2. Arduino
3. Optocoupler.
4. Energy meter.
5. Relays.
6. Wi-fi module.
7. Loads.
8. LED indicators.
9. LDR
10. Temperature sensor
11. LCD
12. DC Fan
13. Light.
14. Relays.
15. AC motor.

Software’s used:

1. Arduino IDE compiler for Embedded C programming.
2. Express SCH for Circuit design.
3. Thingspeak.

Regulated Power Supply:

Block Diagram:

video:

The design of this system is very much sensitive and should be handled with utmost care because the microcontroller is a 5 volts device and it is employed to monitor the house hold power consumption per day where it should be interfaced with a 230 volts Energy meter. So every small parameter should be given high importance while designing the interfacing circuit between the controller and the Energy meter.

The controlling device of the whole project is a Microcontroller. Energy meter, Optocoupler, LCD display is interfaced to the Microcontroller. Energy meter continuously feds the meter readings to the Microcontroller through an optically isolated device (Optocoupler) and stores this information in its permanent storage. This information or energy meter readings are displayed on LCD display.

Objectives:

  To design and develop a microcontroller-based energy meter monitoring system.

  To continuously acquire energy meter readings using an optocoupler interface.

  To provide electrical isolation between the energy meter and the microcontroller for safe operation.

  To store the energy consumption data in the microcontroller’s permanent memory.

  To display real-time energy meter readings on an LCD display.

The major building blocks of this project are:

1. Regulated Power Supply.
2. PIC Microcontroller.
3. Energy Meter.
4. Optocoupler.
5. LCD display with driver.
6. Reset Button.
7. Crystal oscillator.
8. LED indicators.

Software’s used:

1. PIC-C compiler for Embedded C programming.
2. PIC kit 2 programmer for dumping code into Micro controller.
3. Express SCH for Circuit design.

Regulated Power Supply:

Block Diagram:

video:

Features of this project:

• Wireless power consumption monitoring using Zigbee communication.
• Real-time energy usage measurement through an energy meter.
• PIC microcontroller-based data processing and control.
• LCD display for instant local viewing of power consumption data.
• Remote monitoring on a PC/Laptop through a Zigbee receiver and USB-TTL interface.

Major blocks present in this project:

1. Regulated power supply.
2. PIC Microcontroller.
3. LCD display.
4. Energy meter.
5. Optocoupler.
6. Zigbee transmitter.
7. Zigbee receiver.
8. USB TTL.
9. AC Bulb.

Software’s used in this project:

1. PIC-C compiler for Embedded C programming.

2. PIC kit 2 programmer for dumping code into Micro controller.

3. Express SCH for Circuit design.

Regulated power supply:

Block Diagram:

video:

Now a day’s every system is automated in order to face new challenges. In the present days Automated systems have less manual operations, flexibility, reliability and accurate. Due to this demand every field prefers automated control systems. Especially in the field of electronics automated systems are giving good performance. The project itself indicates that a fixed wattage is set for the homes. That means at that particular time duration the operation will be in either ‘ON’ or ‘OFF’ condition. That time delay will be different for every area. The ON/OFF condition will also be decided in the program. And also that delay will be setting through the program. Here we can program the delays for the areas as per our requirement. Status of that particular device will be displayed on the LCD.

Features:

1. Microcontroller based system for continuous load monitoring.
2. Automated tripping system in case of over load.
3. Low cost and efficient device construction.

The major building blocks of this project are:

1. Regulated Power Supply
2. PIC Microcontroller.
3. Relay with driver.
4. Crystal
5. Reset Button.
6. Energy meter.
7. LED indicators.
8. LCD display.

Software’s used:

• PIC-C compiler for Embedded C programming.
• PIC kit 2 programmer for dumping code into Micro controller.
• Express SCH for Circuit design.

Regulated Power Supply:

Block Diagram:

video:

The Energy Meter continuously measures the electricity consumption of the connected AC load. The pulses generated by the meter are isolated through an optocoupler and fed to the Arduino Nano, which calculates the real-time energy usage and corresponding billing amount. This information is displayed locally on an LCD screen for the consumer’s reference and is also transmitted to the user’s mobile phone via the GSM module in the form of periodic SMS alerts.

If the consumer fails to pay the electricity bill within the specified time, the Electricity Department can remotely send a control SMS to the GSM module. Upon receiving the command, the Arduino activates the relay driver and disconnects the AC load through the relay, thereby cutting off the power supply. Once payment is completed, another SMS command can restore the power.

This GSM-enabled smart billing and load control system enhances transparency, reduces manual intervention, ensures timely bill payment, and supports automation in energy distribution networks. It can be effectively used by power utility companies to monitor consumption, send alerts, and manage load control in a reliable and user-friendly manner.

Objectives:

• To continuously monitor electricity consumption using an energy meter and accurately calculate real-time billing through Arduino Nano.
• To provide automatic billing updates to the consumer by sending periodic SMS alerts through the GSM module.
• To enhance transparency in energy usage by displaying consumption and billing details on an LCD screen.
• To reduce manual meter reading efforts by enabling remote and automated communication between the consumer and electricity department.
• To integrate a remote load control mechanism, allowing the electricity board to disconnect the power supply using an SMS command if the user fails to pay the bill on time.
• To ensure safe switching of the AC load through an isolated relay and relay driver circuit to prevent electrical hazards.
• To maintain proper electrical isolation using an optocoupler to safely interface the energy meter pulses with the microcontroller.
• To support quick reconnection of supply once the bill is paid, using authenticated SMS commands.
• To develop a reliable, low-cost, and user-friendly GSM-based energy management system suitable for households, commercial buildings, and utility providers.

The major building blocks of this project are:

1. Regulated Power Supply.
2. ARDUINO NANO.
3. GSM Modem.
4. Digital Energy Meter.
5. Optocoupler.
6. Relay with driver.
7. LCD with driver.

Software’s used:

1. Arduino IDE Studio compiler for Embedded C programming.
2. Express SCH for Circuit design.

Regulated Power Supply:

video:

The PIC Microcontroller acts as the main controlling unit of the system. An Energy Meter, LCD Display, and Wi-Fi Module (ESP8266) are interfaced with the PIC microcontroller. The energy meter continuously measures power consumption in terms of kilowatt-hours (kWh) and generates pulses proportional to the energy consumed. The microcontroller counts these pulses, calculates the energy usage, and displays the readings on the LCD screen.

Using the Wi-Fi module, the measured energy consumption data is transmitted to the ThingSpeak IoT cloud platform, where it can be monitored remotely in real time through a web dashboard or mobile device. This allows both consumers and electricity authorities to track energy usage efficiently and accurately.

The PIC microcontroller is programmed using Embedded C language to perform data acquisition, energy calculation, LCD interfacing, and wireless communication. The proposed system offers a cost-effective, reliable, and intelligent solution for smart energy management and remote electricity monitoring.

Main Objectives present in this project:

  To design a smart energy meter using a PIC microcontroller.

  To measure electrical energy consumption in kilowatt-hours (kWh).

  To display real-time energy readings on an LCD.

  To transmit energy consumption data to the ThingSpeak cloud using a Wi-Fi module.

  To enable remote monitoring of electricity usage through IoT technology.

  To reduce manual meter reading and improve billing accuracy.

  To promote efficient energy management and monitoring.

Components used:

• PIC Microcontroller.
• Regulated Power supply.
• Energy Meter.
• Load.
• Wi-Fi module.
• LCD display.
• Crystal oscillator.
• Reset button.
• LED indication.

Software used:

1. PIC-C compiler for Embedded C programming.
2. PIC kit 2 programmer for dumping code into Micro controller.
3. Express SCH for Circuit design.

Regulated power supply:

video: