Wireless energy transfer or wireless power is the transmission of electrical energy from a power source to an electrical load without a conductive physical connection. Wireless transmission is useful in cases where interconnecting wires are inconvenient, hazardous, or impossible. The problem of wireless power transmission differs from that of wireless telecommunications, such as radio. In the latter, the proportion of energy received becomes critical only if it is too low for the signal to be distinguished from the background noise. With wireless power, efficiency is the more significant parameter.  A large part of the energy sent out by the generating plant must arrive at the receiver or receivers to make the system economical. The most common form of wireless power transmission is carried out using direct induction followed by resonant magnetic induction.

The project consists of two self resonating copper coils of same resonating frequency generator. One copper wire is connected to the power source (transmitter), while the other copper wire is connected to the device (receiver).the electric power from the power source causes the copper coil connected to it to start oscillating at a particular frequency. Subsequently, the space around the copper coil gets filled with nonmagnetic radiations. This generated magnetic field further transfers the power to the other copper coil connected to the receiver. Since this coil is also of the same frequency, it starts oscillating at the same frequency as the first coil. This is known as ‘coupled resonance’ and is the principle of tesla. This project results in a device where the electricity is transmitted wirelessly through copper coils for a distance. The system uses frequency generator at the transmitter circuit. Therefore, the current flows from the coil on the transmitter side to the receiver side coil wirelessly connected with rectifier and regulator. The output of the regulator is given to the battery charging circuit and from it to the Electric vehicle.

The proposed system makes use of the wireless power to charge the mobile phone and also to drive the vehicle using control buttons. The voltage from copper coil is properly regulated and fed to a rechargeable battery, which is used to power up the microcontroller board as well as the motors.

Features:

1. Copper Coil System
2. Usage of pulse generator
3. Highly Sensitive.
4. Control buttons operated vehicle.
5. Wireless mobile phone charging.

The project provides us exposure on:

1. Conversion of AC supply to DC supply.
2. Resonant frequency.
3. Pulse generation techniques.
4. Embedded C programming concepts

The major specifications of the modules used in the project are:

1. Step down transformer 230v to 12volts, 3 amps.
2. Function generator ic’s like (8038, 1458, xr2206)
3. Mosfet drivers.(irfz44, irf540,irf9140, irfp150)
4. Two copper coils.
5. Regulated power supply (db107 bridge rectifier, capacitor filters 1000uf, regulators 7812)
6. Optical sensors
7. Microcontroller
8. Control switches
9. DC motors with driver circuitry
10. Rechargeable battery

Regulated power supply:

Block diagram:

video:

Achieving a balance between power consumption and power production is a significant challenge today. The most effective solution is to utilize solar energy as efficiently as possible. A key problem in using solar energy lies in the need to position solar panels to maximize sunlight exposure. Fixed solar panels only receive optimal sunlight at certain times, but by dynamically adjusting the panel’s orientation, the solar energy generated can be increased. This project integrates a PIC microcontroller to track the sun’s position and automatically adjust the solar panel to maintain maximum energy absorption.

Wireless energy transfer, or wireless power, refers to the transmission of electrical energy from a power source to an electrical load without a physical connection. It is particularly useful where interconnecting wires are inconvenient, hazardous, or impossible. In this context, the wireless power transmission system differs from wireless communications, where the main concern is the signal strength. In wireless power transmission, efficiency is critical; a substantial portion of the energy transmitted must be received to make the system viable.

The system employs two self-resonating copper coils of the same resonating frequency. One coil is connected to the power source (transmitter), while the other is connected to the device (receiver). The electric power from the power source causes the transmitting coil to oscillate at a specific frequency, creating a magnetic field that induces oscillations in the receiving coil, which is tuned to the same frequency. This phenomenon, known as coupled resonance, is the principle behind Tesla’s wireless power transmission. The electricity is transmitted wirelessly through the copper coils, with the system designed to transfer power over a distance of about 10 cm.

A PIC microcontroller is incorporated into the system to regulate power flow, ensure efficient energy transfer, and control the vehicle’s movement. The microcontroller interfaces with the receiver circuit, which includes a rectifier and regulator, to convert the AC voltage to DC voltage. This DC power is then used to charge the EV battery, enabling the vehicle to operate efficiently using solar, wind, and wireless energy sources.

1. Wireless Power: Transmits energy via resonant induction.
2. Energy Sources: Solar, wind, transformer.
3. PIC Microcontroller: Controls power, motors, and vehicle.
4. Solar Tracking: Adjusts panel for optimal sunlight.
5. High Efficiency: Minimizes energy loss.
6. Resonant Coupling: Transfers power up to 10 cm.
7. Power Conversion: AC to DC for battery charging.

The project provides us exposure on:

1. Conversion of AC supply to DC supply.
2. Solar panel working principle.
3. Wind turbine working principle.
4. Resonant frequency.
5. Pulse generation techniques.

The major specifications of the modules used in the project are:

• Step down transformer.
• Pic micro controller.
• Function generator ic’s like (8038, 1458, xr2206)
• Mosfet drivers.(irfz44, irf540,irf9140, irfp150)
• Two copper coils.
• Regulated power supply (db107 bridge rectifier, capacitor filters 1000uf, regulators 7812)
• DC motors with driver circuitry
• Control Buttons
• Rechargeable battery
• Solar Panel
• Charging circuit.

Block diagram:

video: