The project aims in designing an intelligent system which helps in avoiding accidents by alerting and speed controlling, if vehicle to vehicle has less gap.   In day-to-day life road accidents goes on increasing due to varies reasons. Some road accidents may cause due to chasing between two vehicles. We avoid these kinds of accidents by providing some precautionary methods using ultrasonic sensors.  Ultrasonic sensors generate high frequency sound waves and evaluate the echo which is received back by the sensor. These sensors calculate the time intervals between sending the signal and receiving the echo to determine the distance to an object. If the distance of the vehicle is too small then this vehicle is automatically controlling the speed of the vehicle which avoids the potential risk of the accident. The main controlling device of the system is a Microcontroller. Ultrasonic sensor, buzzer and DC motors along with l293d motor driver and LCD are interfaced to Microcontroller. The microcontroller gives an alarm if distance is less than predefined limit from obstacle. If the sensor detect obstacle this data is fed as input to the micro control and microcontroller stop the vehicle ignition automatically and display the obstacle distance on LCD. Here relay works as a switch to ON/OFF the ignition. To perform the intelligent task, Microcontroller is programmed using embedded ‘C’ language.  

Objectives:

 

1. To enhance vehicle safety by automatically detecting obstacles in the path and preventing collisions.
2. To implement an automatic braking system that activates when an obstacle is detected within a critical distance.
3. To identify objects accurately using ultrasonic sensors and measure the distance between the vehicle and obstacles.
4. To alert the driver through a buzzer-based alarming system whenever an obstacle is detected.
5. To provide real-time monitoring of obstacle distance on an LCD display for better driver awareness.
6. To improve driving comfort by reducing sudden braking incidents and minimising accident risks.

 

The Major Building blocks of this project are:  

• Battery Power Supply.
• PIC Microcontroller.
• Ultrasonic sensor.
• DC motor with relay driver.
• LED Indicators.
• Buzzer with driver.
• LCD display.
• Crystal Oscillator.
• Reset Button.
• LED Indicator.

 

Software’s used:  

1. PIC-C compiler for Embedded C programming.
2. PIC kit 2 programmer for dumping code into Micro controller.
3. Express SCH for Circuit design.

Block diagram:

   

video: