This project presents the design and implementation of a brain wave–controlled robotic wheelchair that enables hands-free mobility for physically challenged individuals. The system uses brainwave signals captured through electrodes placed on the user’s head. These signals are processed by the BioAmp EXG Pill module and transmitted to an Arduino Nano microcontroller for interpretation. Based on the user’s brain activity, the wheelchair can move in four directions—forward, backward, left, and right—by controlling DC motors through an L298N Motor Driver.

The power supply for the wheelchair is derived from a 12 V battery system, which is charged using a step-down transformer and a rectifier circuit to convert AC to DC. An LM2596 voltage regulator ensures stable power delivery to the components. A temperature sensor is integrated to monitor the user’s body temperature, activating a buzzer alert if abnormal levels are detected.

The movement commands are mapped to specific brainwave patterns or head movements, and the system includes a stop function to ensure safety when no valid signal is detected. This prototype demonstrates a low-cost, non-invasive, and intelligent assistive technology that can enhance mobility and independence for individuals with severe physical impairments.

  Objectives:

• To design and develop a brain wave–controlled robotic wheelchair for physically challenged individuals.
• To acquire brainwave signals using electrodes and the BioAmp EXG Pill module.
• To process and interpret brainwave signals using the Arduino Nano microcontroller.
• To control wheelchair movement in forward, backward, left, and right directions based on user commands.
• To drive DC motors efficiently using the L298N motor driver module.
• To implement a safe hands-free mobility system for disabled users.
• To provide stable power supply using a 12 V battery, rectifier circuit, and LM2596 voltage regulator.
• To monitor the user’s body temperature using a temperature sensor.
• To activate a buzzer alert during abnormal temperature conditions for user safety.
• To develop a low-cost, intelligent, and non-invasive assistive mobility solution.

Software’s used:

1. Arduino IDE for compiling and dumping code into Microcontroller.
2. Express SCH for Circuit design.

   

video: